Based on Ellen White's writings, I can provide insights about business integration and coordination principles that relate to modern supply chain integration concepts. While she didn't specifically address "supply chain integration" as we understand it today, her extensive counsel on business organization, cooperation, and unified management provides relevant guidance. ## Unity and Coordination in Business Operations Ellen White emphasized the critical importance of unified, coordinated efforts in business operations: "The Lord would have union among those who manage His work in different parts of the field... There should be a comparing of notes, an interchange of plans and ideas; and if any improvements are suggested in either office, let the managers consider the proposition, and adopt improved plans and methods" (5T 417). She advocated for systematic coordination rather than isolated operations: "In union there is strength. There should be union between our publishing houses and our other institutions. If this unity existed, they would be a power" (5T 535.1). ## Integrated Management Systems White stressed the need for comprehensive, integrated management approaches: "Men of efficiency and consecration must be sought for and encouraged to connect with the burden bearers as helpers and colaborers. Let there be a harmonious union of the new and the old, in the spirit of brotherly love" (7T 280.2). She emphasized that effective business operations require systematic organization: "competent men should be employed to assist in the management of the different departments of the work. Men should be employed who have experience in business and who are wise managers" (5T 414.1). ## Cooperation Over Competition A key principle relevant to supply chain integration is her emphasis on cooperation: "Not consolidation, not rivalry or criticism, but co-operation, is God's plan for His institutions, that 'the whole body fitly joined together and compacted by that which every joint supplieth, according to the effectual working in the measure of every part,' may make 'increase of the body unto the edifying [building up] of itself in love'" (7T 174.3). ## Efficiency Through Integration White recognized that integrated operations lead to greater efficiency: "Christianity and business, rightly understood, are not two separate things; they are one. Bible religion is to be brought into all that we do and say. Human and divine agencies are to combine in temporal as well as spiritual achievements. They are to be united in all human pursuits, in mechanical and agricultural labors, in mercantile and scientific enterprises" (CT 277.2). ## Systematic Business Principles She advocated for systematic, principle-based business operations: "There is no branch of legitimate business for which the Bible does not afford an essential preparation. Its principles of diligence, honesty, thrift, temperance, and purity are the secret of true success" (Ed 135). ## Avoiding Waste Through Coordination White emphasized that poor coordination leads to waste: "Under his charge there have been grave neglects; a disorderly, disorganized state of things has existed, which should be promptly corrected. There are many little matters connected with his work that have not received attention, and as a consequence there are leaks. Losses and wastes are allowed that might be avoided" (5T 413). These principles from Ellen White's writings support the modern concept of supply chain integration - emphasizing unity of purpose, coordinated planning, systematic management, cooperative relationships, and the elimination of waste through better organization and communication between different parts of an operation.